Submitted date: 20 January 2009 Accepted date: 27 January 2009 Published date: 06 April 2009 Pp. 2–15, pls. 1–4.
THE ORIGINAL DESCRIPTIONS AND FIGURES OF SRI LANKAN AGAMID LIZARDS (SQUAMATA : AGAMIDAE) OF THE 18TH AND 19TH CENTURIES
A.A. Thasun Amarasinghe*, Ulrich Manthey, Edi Stöckli, Ivan Ineich, Sven O Kullander, Franz Tiedemann, Colin McCarthy & Dinesh E. Gabadage *Corresponding author. E-mail: thasun.taprobanica@gmail.com
Abstract Eighteen species of agamid lizards are recognized from Sri Lanka, representing one subfamily: Draconinae. Thirteen of these species were described in the period 1758-1887. The early descriptions of agamid lizards were very brief and often written in languages other than English. Original descriptions and images of type specimens are provided for Calotes calotes (Linnaeus, 1758), C. versicolor (Daudin, 1802), C. nigrilabris Peters, 1860, C. liocephalus Günther, 1872, C. liolepis Boulenger, 1885, C. ceylonensis Müller, 1887, Otocryptis wiegmanni Wagler, 1830, Ceratophora stoddartii Gray, 1835, C. tennentii Günther, 1861, C. aspera Günther, 1864, Lyriocephalus scutatus (Linnaeus, 1758), Cophotis ceylanica Peters, 1861, and Sitana ponticeriana Cuvier, 1829. Translations to English are provided of original descriptions that were published in Latin, French, and German.
Key words : Agamidae, English translation, original description, Sri Lanka, taxonomy, type specimen
A. A. Thasun Amarasinghe Editor-in-chief: Taprobanica, the journal of Asian Biodiversity
Greek astronomer Ptolemy compiled a map in the 2nd century labeled the Island “Taprobane”. Arab seafarers called it “Serendib”. From the 1400s, Europeans identified that island as “Seylan”, which was later anglicized to “Ceylon”. In the 1500s Portugal and Spain established their dominance in the maritime trade of South and Southeast Asia. In the 1600s the Dutch emerged as the dominant colonial power in the region, followed in the 1700s by the British, then Independence Island after 1948 “Sri Lanka”. The island is situated in the Indian Ocean, south west of the Indian peninsula, between 79o 39’ and 81o 53’ Eastern longitudes and 5o 54’ and 9o 52’ Northern latitudes, and has a total land area of 65,610 km2. “Taprobane” was a historical name for Sri Lanka and we use the name “Taprobanica” for our society as well as for our journal. Taprobanica Nature Conservation Society (TNCS) is an independent, non-governmental, nonprofit oriented voluntary organization dedicated to promote research, public awareness and nature conservation and it was established in 2007.